[65] From the Abitibi-Témiscamingue to the North Shore, the forest is composed primarily of conifers such as the Abies balsamea, the jack pine, the white spruce, the black spruce and the tamarack. Name Abbr. The debate over the status of Quebec is a highly animated one to this day. Quebec is a mainly French-speaking society, and the defense of its language and culture colors all politics in the province (in French, the province's name is spelled Québec). [51] March 1971, however, saw the "Century's Snowstorm" with more than 40 centimetres (16 in) in Montreal to 80 centimetres (31 in) in Mont Apica of snow within 24 hours in many regions of southern Quebec. It is the only one to have a predominantly French-speaking population, with French as the sole official language.Most inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City, the capital.Approximately half of Quebec residents live in the Greater Montreal Area and the Island of … Quebec is the largest Canadian province in area (though the territory of Nunavut is larger) and the second largest in population, after Ontario. These air masses encounter the cold Labrador Current, which creates cool summers in the northeastern regions. The regional novel from Quebec is called Terroir novel and is a literary tradition[229] specific to the province. [113], On October 30, 2003, the National Assembly of Quebec voted unanimously to affirm "that the people of Québec form a nation". A number of governmental and non-government organizations support cultural activity in Quebec. The written forms of French place-names in Canada retain their diacritics such as accent marks over vowels in English text. Being a modern cosmopolitan society, today, all types of music can be found in Quebec. The practice of sports and outdoor activities in Quebec was influenced largely by its geography and climate. [193] It is therefore considered as the most sensitive camera in the world. Quebec still loses more people to other provinces than it receives. Several sites, houses and historical works reflect the cultural heritage of Quebec, such as the Village Québécois d'Antan, the historical village of Val-Jalbert, the Fort Chambly, the national home of the Patriots, the Chicoutimi pulp mill (Pulperie de Chicoutimi), the Lachine Canal and the Victoria Bridge. [223] The State corporation Télé-Québec, the federal Crown corporation CBC, general and specialized private channels, networks, independent and community radio stations broadcast the various Quebec téléromans, the national and regional news, interactive and spoken programmations, etc. The Association québécoise de l'industrie du disque, du spectacle et de la vidéo (ADISQ) was created in 1978 to promote the music industry in Quebec. In the manner of touring companies of the Renaissance, the clowns, street performers, minstrels, or troubadours travel from city to city to play their comedies. Although they may appear randomly from time to time during the year, they are always visible in the cultural events such as the Winterlude in Gatineau, the Quebec Winter Carnival, the Gatineau Hot Air Balloon Festival, the Quebec City Summer Festival, the Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal and the Festival of New France in Quebec. Although the area is inhabited principally by the Cree, Naskapi, and Innu First Nations, thousands of temporary workers reside at Radisson to service the massive James Bay Hydroelectric Project on the La Grande and Eastmain rivers. Until 1968, the Quebec legislature was bicameral,[122] consisting of the Legislative Council and the Legislative Assembly. It supports creation, innovation, production, and international exhibits for all cultural fields of Quebec. [138] One specific area in the Bilingual Belt called the West Island of Montreal, represented by the federal electoral district of Lac-Saint-Louis, is the most bilingual area in the province: 72.8% of its residents claim to know English and French according to the most recent census. There are currently approximately 115 telecommunications companies established in the province, such as Motorola and Ericsson. In 2002, Quebec … The knowledge sector represents about 30.9% of Quebec's GDP. The vast majority (90.5%) of Quebec's forests are publicly owned. [39] The Canadian boreal forest is the northernmost and most abundant of the three forest areas in Quebec that straddle the Canadian Shield and the upper lowlands of the province. News. The government of Quebec awards an order of merit called the National Order of Quebec. Le Québec est la province canadienne qui possède le meilleur taux de vaccination au pays en termes de pourcentage des doses reçues. Quebec is the only province where French is the only provincial official language with a mostly French-speaking population. In 2009, its gross domestic product (GDP) of US$32,408 per capita at purchasing power parity puts the province at par with Japan, Italy and Spain, but remains lower than the Canadian average of US$37,830 per capita. Quebec City is the capital of the locale of Quebec.In the year 2015, it had a population of about of 528,772, making it the 10th biggest city in Canada. In addition to the network of cultural centres in Quebec,[230] the venues include the Monument-National and the Rideau Vert (green curtain) Theatre in Montreal, the Trident Theatre in Quebec City, etc. The Château Frontenac in Quebec is the world's most photographed hotel. The arrival of 10,000 Loyalists at Quebec in 1784 destroyed the political balance that Haldimand (and Carleton before him) had worked so hard to achieve. Thus, the development of Quebec masterpieces in painting, printmaking and sculpture is marked by the contribution of artists such as Louis-Philippe Hébert, Cornelius Krieghoff, Alfred Laliberté, Marc-Aurèle Fortin, Marc-Aurèle de Foy Suzor-Coté, Jean Paul Lemieux, Clarence Gagnon, Adrien Dufresne, Alfred Pellan, Jean-Philippe Dallaire, Charles Daudelin, Arthur Villeneuve, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Paul-Émile Borduas and Marcelle Ferron. [184] The contribution of Quebec in science and technology represent approximately 1% of the researches worldwide since the 1980s to 2009. Land speculators and settlers objected to the transfer of western lands previously claimed by the colonies to a non-representative government. Figure 1.1 Number and percentage of the immigrant population, Quebec, 2001 to 2016. Various buildings reflect the architectural heritage that characterizes Quebec, such as religious buildings, city halls, houses of large estates, and other locations throughout the province. Gen. of Quebec v. Blaikie et al., 1979 CanLII 21 (S.C.C. Parti Québécois governments held referendums on sovereignty in 1980 and 1995. Quebec's cuisine has also been influenced by learning from First Nation, by English cuisine and by American cuisine. It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario and the bodies of water James Bay and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the U.S. states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. In 2013, Statistics Canada estimated the province's population to be 8,155,334. [49], The all-time record of the greatest precipitation in winter was established in winter 2007–2008, with more than five metres[50] of snow in the area of Quebec City, while the average amount received per winter is around three metres. This contrasts with its fertility rates before 1960, which were among the highest of any industrialized society. British reinforcements came up the St. Lawrence in May 1776, and the Battle of Trois-Rivières turned into a disaster for the Americans. Quebec's most popular artists of the last century include the singers Félix Leclerc (1950s), Gilles Vigneault (1960s–present), Kate and Anna McGarrigle (1970s–present) and Céline Dion (1980s–present). More than four-fifths of Quebec’s population now lives within an area about 200 miles (300 km) long and roughly 60 miles (100 km) wide, stretching from Quebec city to Montreal. The name "Québec", which comes from the Algonquin or Ojibwe word kébec meaning "where the river narrows", originally referred to the area around Quebec City where the Saint Lawrence River narrows to a cliff-lined gap. [74] In 1608, he returned as head of an exploration party and founded Quebec City with the intention of making the area part of the French colonial empire. Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger. [150], Quebec's economy has undergone tremendous changes over the last decade. In 1837, residents of Lower Canada – led by Louis-Joseph Papineau and Robert Nelson – formed an armed resistance group to seek an end to the unilateral control of the British governors. To secure the allegiance of the approximately 90,000 French-speaking Canadians to the British crown, first Governor James Murray and later Governor Guy Carleton promoted the need for change. The population development of Quebec according to official estimates. The question of sovereignty-association was placed before the voters in the 1980 Quebec referendum. Read more Quebec’s capital city is Quebec City which is also one of the top 10 biggest city in Canada. Its capital, Quebec city, is the oldest city in Canada. Lévesque and his party had run in the 1970 and 1973 Quebec elections under a platform of separating Quebec from the rest of Canada. An Overview Of The Population Of Canada. Subsequently, the population of Quebec Province in the year 2019 is assessed to be 8.4696 Million + 0.05092 Million = 8.52052 Million. On November 15, 1976, Lévesque and the Parti Québécois won control of the provincial government for the first time. Today there are over 700 different cheeses in Quebec. The government hopes to create a strong culture of innovation in Quebec for the next decades and to create a sustainable economy. Quebec stands out particularly in the mining sector, ranking among the top ten areas to do business in mining. The first to write the history of Quebec, since its discovery, was the historian François-Xavier Garneau. Coureurs des bois, voyageurs and Catholic missionaries used river canoes to explore the interior of the North American continent. An unprepared British Army had to raise militia force; the rebel forces scored a victory in Saint-Denis but were soon defeated. [206], Quebec has been described as a potential clean energy superpower. Many Quebecers fought against the axis powers between 1939 to 1945 with the involvement of many francophone regiments such as Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal, le Régiment de la Chaudière and many more. About 7 million Canadians are descended from these original 2,600 colonists. The island of Montreal houses most of the allophone and anglophone population, as well as most English-language institutions. It is affected by major continental air masses sweeping down from the northwest. The tundra vegetation survives an average annual temperature of −8 °C (18 °F). Popular French-language contemporary writers include Louis Caron, Suzanne Jacob, Yves Beauchemin, and Gilles Archambault. The capital city is Quebec City, with a population of nearly 800,000. [237], As of December 2011, there are 190 National Historic Sites of Canada in Quebec. About 80% of the population lives within 100 miles of the border with the United States. Afable, Patricia O. and Madison S. Beeler (1996). Quebec officially disputes this boundary. It is an official part of the coat of arms and has been the official licence plate motto since 1978, replacing "La belle province" (the beautiful province). Constituting nearly one-sixth of Canada’s total land area, Quebec is the largest of Canada’s 10 provinces in area and is second only to Ontario in population. Quebec is the second-most populous province of Canada, after Ontario. [156] Science and technology are key factors in the economic position of Quebec. Quebec is remarkable for the natural resources of its vast territory. Some historians even say they have done trade using the fur and Food. The average land wildlife includes the cougar, the coyote, the eastern wolf, the bobcat, the Arctic fox, the fox, etc. On October 30, 1995, with the Parti Québécois back in power since 1994, a second referendum on sovereignty took place. [112], Given the province's heritage and the preponderance of French (unique among the Canadian provinces), there has been debate in Canada regarding the unique status (statut particulier) of Quebec and its people, wholly or partially. [106] Laporte was strangled with his own rosary beads a few days later. Mixed forests provide most of Canada's springtime maple syrup crop. [40][41] The main climatic influences are from western and northern Canada and move eastward, and from the southern and central United States that move northward. Immigration Profile. The four calendar seasons in Quebec are spring, summer, autumn and winter, with conditions differing by region. [155] Approximately 1.1 million Quebecers work in the field of science and technology. British Columbia Population 2019; Manitoba Population 2019; Nova Scotia Population 2019; Ontario Population 2019; Quebec Province Population 2019; New Brunswick Population 2019; Newfoundland and Labrador Population 2019; Saskatchewan Population 2019 [162], About 180 000 Quebeckers work in different field of information technology. The situation called for a more creative approach to problem solving. 087; November 27, 2006", "Debate: The motions on the Québécois nation", "Revenu Québec - Basic Rules for Applying the GST/HST and QST", "Consolidated provincial and territorial government revenue and expenditures, by province and territory, 2009", "Quebec business taxes highest in North America", "Quebec's debt 'worryingly high', report says", "Population urban and rural, by province and territory", "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data", "Canada's total population estimates, 2013", "Les Québécoises conservent un taux de fécondité supérieur au reste du Canada", "Le Québec franchit le cap des 8 millions d'habitants", "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data", "Visible minority groups, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories – 20% sample data", "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables", "Selected Religions, for Canada, Provinces and Territories", "Focus on Geography Series, 2011 Census – Province of Quebec", "Att. The largest inland body of water is the Caniapiscau Reservoir, created in the realization of the James Bay Project to produce hydroelectric power. [108] In the 1976 election campaign, he softened his message by promising a referendum (plebiscite) on sovereignty-association rather than outright separation, by which Quebec would have independence in most government functions but share some other ones, such as a common currency, with Canada. British Columbia has the fourth largest at 79,310 people. Further south lie the subarctic taiga of the Eastern Canadian Shield taiga ecoregion and the boreal forest of the Central Canadian Shield forests, where spruce, fir, and poplar trees provide raw materials for Quebec's pulp and paper and lumber industries.

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